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As COVID-19 has been around longer, testing has rapidly grown into two main types: viral testing and antibody testing. It is important to know the differences in these tests and what the results mean.
VIRAL TESTING
If you are showing signs of COVID-19, you typically get tested by your primary care provider. This test is performed by inserting a swab through the nose to get a sample of your nasal secretions. This is considered a “viral test” because it detects if the COVID-19 virus is currently present. If it is positive, then you currently have an active COVID-19 infection. There is a rapid test that gives results in about an hour and one that is sent to a lab that returns results in 1–2 days. If you think you are showing symptoms of COVID-19, contact your health care provider, who will determine if you qualify for testing.
ANTIBODY TESTING
Antibodies are a part of the immune system that fight off infection. When a person is infected with a virus or bacteria, antibodies are made that fight that specific infection. COVID-19 antibody testing is a blood test that checks for COVID-19 antibodies and will confirm if you have ever had COVID-19. It is not used if you currently have COVID-19 symptoms. This test may be used to monitor those individuals who have had a positive viral test. Research is still ongoing to prove that those with COVID-19 antibodies are immune to the virus. Ask your health care provider if there is antibody testing available for you.
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SOURCE(S): The Center for Disease Control and Prevention
The Osteopathic Family Physician Patient Handout is a public service of the ACOFP. The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in many instances; however, they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis by a physician. For specific information concerning your medical condition, ACOFP suggests that you consult your family physician. This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians and other healthcare professionals to share with their patients.