Preoperative Optimization in Surgical Patients

 Preoperative optimization is a critical component in enhancing surgical outcomes and reducing postoperative complications. This review provides a comprehensive approach to managing preoperative care in a primary care setting, emphasizing the importance of risk assessment, patient education, and multidisciplinary collaboration. By focusing on evidence-based strategies such as structured exercise programs, nutritional optimization, glycemic control, and lifestyle modifications, primary care physicians can significantly improve patient resilience and recovery. Integration of psychological preparation and patient empowerment further enhances surgical readiness and postoperative outcomes. This review highlights the role of primary care physicians in coordinating preoperative optimization efforts, ensuring a holistic approach to patient care that addresses medical, nutritional, and psychological needs. Through targeted interventions and collaborative care, healthcare providers can mitigate risks and support optimal recovery, ultimately improving the quality of life for surgical patients.